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To run an effect on a timer, use repeat: say what to run, how often, and for how long. This is how auras, pulsing attacks and phase timers are built.

repeat

Runs a named or local effect on each target repeatedly. Alias: every The repeating effect runs with the ticking entity as @self, so radius targeters inside it resolve around that entity. Repeats stop automatically when the entity dies or despawns.

stoprepeat

Stops repeats and pulses on the targets, running their onEnd if they have one. Aliases: removepulse, removeaura

pulse

The full-lifecycle form of repeat. Same engine, all three hooks explicit. Alias: aura

The name pattern

Give a repeat a name when anything might need to stop it early: phase changes, death, a cleanse mechanic.
A forever repeat with no stoprepeat still ends when the mob dies, but stopping it explicitly also fires its onEnd, which matters once you use one.